A 33 Ω half-watt resistor and a 330 Ω half-watt resistor are connected across a 12 V source. Which one(s) will overheat?

Answer: Option D

To determine which resistor will overheat, we need to calculate the power dissipated in each resistor and compare it with their power rating (0.5 watts).

Using the power formula: P = V² / R

For the 33 Ω resistor:
P = (12)² / 33 = 144 / 33 ≈ 4.36 watts
This is much greater than 0.5 watts, so the 33 Ω resistor will overheat.

For the 330 Ω resistor:
P = (12)² / 330 = 144 / 330 ≈ 0.436 watts
This is less than 0.5 watts, so the 330 Ω resistor will NOT overheat.

Conclusion: Only the 33 Ω resistor will overheat.