___________ are called mathematical models.

Answer: Option C

Symbolic Models are called mathematical models. Symbolic Modelling is a therapeutic and coaching process developed by psychotherapists Penny Tompkins and James Lawley, based on the work of counselling psychologist David Grove. Using Grove’s Clean Language, a progressive questioning technique using clients’ exact words, the facilitator works with a client’s self-generating metaphors to clarify personal beliefs, goals, and conflicts, and to bring about meaningful change. Because of its reliance on emergence and self-organisation it has been called a "post-modern oriented therapeutic approach".