Gang plank theory of communication advanced by Henry Fayol is an example of

Answer: Option B

Gang Plank Theory was introduced by Henry Fayol as a part of his 14 principles of management, specifically under the Scalar Chain Principle.

According to Fayol, communication in an organization generally follows a hierarchical structure. However, in urgent situations, direct communication between employees at the same level (lateral communication) is allowed, bypassing the long chain of command.

This concept is known as the Gang Plank and helps in faster decision-making and efficient communication without violating the scalar chain principle.

Since it involves communication between individuals at the same level in the organizational hierarchy, it is an example of lateral communication.