Q167
In the Panama Canal Expansion, what was a key geological issue during excavation?
A.
Lava flow intrusion
B.
Swelling clay
AnswerC.
Fault movement
D.
Volcanic ash
Answer: Option B
Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Swelling clay (specifically montmorillonite) caused slope instability. When exposed to water, this clay expanded, exerting pressure on retaining structures and increasing excavation risks.