The impacts caused by construction of dams and reservoirs include

Answer: Option D

The impacts caused by construction of dams and reservoirs include Soil erosion, Loss of vegetation cover and Change in microclimate.
The environmental impact of reservoirs comes under ever-increasing scrutiny as the global demand for water and energy increases and the number and size of reservoirs increases.
The construction of a dam blocks the flow of sediment downstream, leading to downstream erosion of these sedimentary depositional environments, and increased sediment build-up in the reservoir.
Reservoirs may contribute to changes in the Earth's climate. Warm climate reservoirs generate methane, a greenhouse gas when the reservoirs are stratified, in which the bottom layers are anoxic, leading to degradation of biomass through anaerobic processes.