What is the greater of the two numbers whose product is 1092 and the sum of the two numbers exceeds their difference by 42 ?

Answer: Option C

Let the numbers be x and y
Then,
$$xy=\mathrm{1092.....}(i)$$
And,
$$\begin{array}{rl}& \iff \left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)=42\\ & \iff 2y=42\\ & \iff y=21\end{array}$$
Putting y = 21 in (i), we get :
$$x=\frac{1092}{21}=52$$
Hence, greater number = 52