Which of the following root knot nematode species perennial pattern in nature and distinctly marked by the presence of lateral ridges?

Answer: Option A

Meloidogyne incognita is root-knot nematode species perennial pattern in nature and distinctly marked by the presence of lateral ridges.
Meloidogyne incognita, also known as the southern root-nematode or cotton root-knot nematode is a plant-parasitic roundworm in the family Heteroderidae.
This nematode is one of the four most common species worldwide and has numerous hosts. It typically incites large, usually irregular galls on roots as a result of parasitism.