Electric current passing through the circuit produces

Answer: Option C

When electric current passes through a circuit, it produces several effects. Here are the effects associated with each option:

Option A: Magnetic effect
- This is true. Electric current passing through a conductor generates a magnetic field around the conductor, leading to the magnetic effect. This phenomenon is the basis for the operation of electromagnets and transformers.

Option B: Luminous effect
- This is false. Electric current passing through a conductor does not typically produce a luminous effect. Luminous effects are associated with phenomena like incandescence or the emission of light due to high temperatures, not with the flow of current itself.

Option C: Thermal effect
- This is true. Electric current flowing through a conductor results in the generation of heat, known as the thermal effect. This effect is used in applications like electric heaters and toasters.

Option D: Chemical effect
- This is true. Electric current can cause chemical changes in certain materials, leading to chemical effects. For example, it plays a crucial role in electrochemical processes like electrolysis and in batteries.

Therefore, the correct statements are Option A (Magnetic effect), Option C (Thermal effect), and Option D (Chemical effect). These effects are observed when electric current passes through a circuit.