In alcoholic fermentation, CO2 is evolved during
A. Decarboxylation of pyruvic acid
B. Formation of acetaldehyde
C. Oxidation of acetaldehyde
D. Both A and B
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During alcohol production, higher concentration of ethanol causes
A. Reduction of yeast growth rate
B. Increment of yeast growth rate
C. No effect on yeast growth rate
D. None of the above
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Industrial microbiological processes have been developed by using the strains of which of the following group(s) of microbes?
A. Algae and Protozoa
B. Fungi (yeasts and molds)
C. Bacteria
D. All the above
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Phosphatase test is used to indicate the proper pasteurization of
A. Orange juice
B. Beer
C. Milk
D. Wine
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The fermentable liquid for brewing is prepared by a process called
A. Mashing
B. Clarification
C. Wort preparation
D. Roasting
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The fastest route of NADH re-oxidation is
A. Aerobic respiration
B. Anaerobic respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Decomposition
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The most striking example of chemical transformation possible largely through microbes only is
A. Carbohydrate biotransformation
B. Steroid biotransformation
C. Protein biotransformation
D. Glycerol biotransformation
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The major drawback in using type Saccharomyces cerevisiae for producing ethanol from biomass hydrolysis is
A. Low biomass yield of hexose sugars
B. Presence of solid residues
C. Low concentration of sugars
D. Non utilization of pentose sugars
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In a batch microbial fermentation process the dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) remains almost zero during growth. Which of the following methods will you use for the estimation of oxygen?
A. Static gassing out method
B. Dynamic gassing out method
C. Oxygen balance method
D. Sulphide oxidation method
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Molasses is mainly comprised of
A. Sucrose
B. Reducing sugar
C. Hemicelluloses
D. Starch
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The fermentation of glucose by yeast normally yields
A. CO2 , H2 O and 36 ATPs
B. Alcohol, CO2 and 2 ATPs
C. Alcohol, CO2 and 36 ATPs
D. Lactic acid, CO2 and 2 ATPs
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In anaerobic lactic acid fermentation by bacteria, glucose is partially oxidised to pyruvate followed by reduction to lactate
A. For maintaining proton motive force
B. For cofactor balancing
C. To decrease pH
D. To generate more ATP
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All fermentation processes require large quantities of water, except
A. Batch fermentation
B. Fed-batch fermentation
C. Solid substrate fermentation
D. Continuous culture
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Which molecule is incorporated in fermentation medium as buffering agent to provide neutralization of acidic fermentation production?
A. Calcium nitrate
B. Calcium carbonate
C. Sodium sulphate
D. Sodium nitrate
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Organic acid first produced through fermentation is
A. Popionic acid
B. Lactic acid
C. Citric acid
D. Oxalic acid
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Clostridium tetanomorphum is known to produce
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K
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Germinating barley seeds are used for preparation of
A. Lactic acid
B. Wine
C. Cheese
D. Beer
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Rennet is used in
A. Bread industry
B. Fermentation industry
C. Cheese manufacturing
D. Synthesis of antibiotics
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Agar - agar is a polymer of
A. Galactose
B. Sulphated sugar
C. Pectin
D. Protein
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Enzyme immobilization is
A. Conversion of an active enzyme into inactive form
B. Providing enzyme with protective covering
C. Changing a soluble enzyme into insoluble state
D. Changing pH so that enzyme is not able to carry out its function
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