A __________ evaporator employs an annular downtake.
A. Basket type
B. Horizontal
C. Long tube vertical
D. None of these
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During crystallisation, formation of crystal can occur in __________ solution only.
A. Saturated
B. Supersaturated
C. Undersaturated
D. All of the above
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Analogy between mass and heat transfer is not applicable in case of
A. Same velocity profile or equal eddy diffusivities
B. Thermal or pressure mass diffusion
C. Viscous heating or chemical reaction
D. Both B and C
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Heat transfer rate per unit area is called
A. Thermal conductivity
B. Heat flux
C. Heat transfer co-efficient
D. Thermal diffusivity
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In an interphase heat transfer process, the equilibrium state corresponds to equality of temperature in the two phases, while the condition for equilibrium in an interphase mass transfer process is equality of
A. Concentrations
B. Chemical potentials
C. Activity co-efficients
D. Mass transfer co-efficients
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Heat flux is the time rate of heat transfer per unit
A. Length
B. Area
C. Volume
D. None of these
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Radiation heat transfer rates does not depend upon the
A. Type of absorbing surface
B. Distance between the heat source and the object receiving the heat
C. Surface area and temperature of the heat source
D. None of these
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A multiple effect evaporator as compared to a single effect evaporator of the same capacity has
A. Lower heat transfer area
B. Lower steam economy
C. Higher steam economy
D. Higher solute concentration in the product
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If the thermal conductivity of a wall material is independent of temperature, the steady state temperature distribution in the very large thin plane wall having steady, uniform surface temperature follows __________ law.
A. Hyperbolic
B. Parabolic
C. Linear
D. Logarithmic
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Nusselt number is the ratio of the temperature gradient at the wall to
A. Temperature difference
B. Heat flux
C. That across the entire pipe
D. None of these
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With the increase of temperature, the Col-burn jH factor
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. May increase or decrease ; depending on temperature
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For a liquid in laminar flow through a very long tube, when the exit fluid temperature approaches the wall temperature, the equation to be used is
A. Nu = 0.023 Re0.8 .Pr0.4
B. Nu = 2 π Gz
C. Nu = π 2 Gz
D. Nu = 2 Gz0.5
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In case of a vertical tube evaporator, with increase in the liquor level, the
A. Capacity of the evaporator is decreased
B. Capacity of the evaporator is increased
C. True temperature drop increases
D. Both B and C
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For a perfectly transparent surface (like gases), the
A. Absorptivity = 0
B. Transmissivity = 1
C. Reflectivity = 0
D. All of the above
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The units of resistance to heat transfer is
A. J.m-2 .K-1
B. J.m-1 .K-1
C. W.m-2 .K-1
D. W-1 .m2 .K
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A sphere of radius 'R1 ' is enclosed in a sphere of radius 'R2 '. The view (or shape) factor for radiative heat transfer of the outer sphere with respect to the inner sphere is
A. 0
B. R 1 + R 2 R 2
C. 1
D. ( R 2 R 1 ) 2
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For hot feed, forward feeding as compared to backward feeding results in __________ economy.
A. Increased
B. Decreased
C. No effect on
D. None of these
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Reynold's analogy states that
A. Nst α f
B. Nst α NRe
C. NNu α f
D. NRe α f
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A perfect black body is a perfect __________ of radiation.
A. Absorber
B. Emitter
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
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Tubes are held between top and bottom tube sheets in Calenderia type evaporator by keeping
A. Both the tube sheets fixed
B. Both the tube sheets floating
C. The top tube sheet floating and bottom tube sheet fixed
D. The top tube sheet fixed and the bottom tube-sheet floating
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