Hoop (circumferential) stress induced in a thin walled 'Horton Sphere' used for the storage of liquid ammonia under pressure is
A. 2 t pD
B. 4 t pD
C. 3 t pD
D. 6 t pD
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In a shell and tube heat exchanger having triangular pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by
A. π d 4 ( 0.86 p 2 − π d 2 /4 )
B. π d p 2 − π d 2 /4
C. π d 4 ( 0.86 p 2 − π d 2 )
D. π d 4 p 2 + π d 2 /4
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Fouling factor must be included in the calculation of over all design heat transfer coefficient, when the liquid
A. Containing suspended solids flows at low velocity
B. Containing suspended solids flows at high velocity
C. Is highly viscous
D. Is of high specific gravity
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For annular flow of a fluid, the ratio of the equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation to the equivalent diameter for heat transfer calculation is
A. d 1 + d 2 d 1
B. d 1 + d 2 d 2
C. d 1 d 1 + d 2
D. d 2 d 1 + d 2
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Which of the following is used to set the diameter of the distillation column?
A. Number of theorectical plates
B. Static submergence
C. Allowable vapour velocity
D. Length of straight rectangular weir on cross-flow tray
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Stage efficiency for packed tower varies with the
A. Type & size of packing
B. Fluid rates and fluid properties
C. Operating pressure and column diameter
D. All of the above
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It is not desirable to design a heat exchanger for LMTD correction factor, FT , of less than
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Column support for the roof of cylindrical storage tank must be provided for
A. Small diameter tanks
B. Large diameter tanks
C. Small diameter tall tanks
D. All of the above
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Generally, elliptical dished heads
A. Are manufactured on 2 : 1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m2
B. Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
C. Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D. and O.D.
D. All of the above
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In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally
A. Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 16 3 ′′
B. More than the tube diameter
C. Equal to the tube diameter
D. More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
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Filtration rate is affected by the
A. Pressure drop across the cake & filter medium
B. Cake & filter medium resistance
C. Area of filtering surface & the viscosity of filtrate
D. All of the above
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In distillation columns, bubble caps are held in place over trays by
A. Rivets
B. A hold down bar
C. Bolts
D. Both B and C
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__________ strain is measured using a 'strain rosetter'.
A. Volumetric
B. Shear
C. Linear
D. None of these
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In case of a continuous distillation column, increase in reflux ratio may result in the
A. Lower fixed charges for the column
B. Greater cost for the reboiler heat supply
C. Greater cost for the condenser coolant
D. All of the above
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Pressure drop (Δp) and the superficial gas mass velocity (G) in case of packed absorption tower operating in the preloading range are related as
A. Δp = G
B. Δp = G0.5
C. Δp = G2
D. Δp = G 0.6 1
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The ratio of shear stress to shear strain is called
A. Bulk modulus
B. Shear modulus
C. Modulus of rigidity
D. Modulus of elasticity
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For a 25 mm hole drilled in plates to be rivetted, the shank diameter of the rivet should be __________ mm.
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In hydrostatic testing of welded pipe (for leakage, strength etc.) the ratio of minimum hydrostatic test pressure to internal design pressure is around
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Tube side heat transfer co-efficient for turbulent flow of liquid through tubes is proportional to
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With increase in temperature drop (in a shell and tube heat exchanger), the LMTD correction factor, FT
A. Decreases very rapidly
B. Increases very rapidly
C. Remains constant
D. Increases linearly
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