Which of the following errors cannot be eliminated by taking both face observations ?
A. error due to horizontal axis not being perpendicular to the vertical axis
B. index error i.e. error due to imperfect adjustment of the vertical circle vernier
C. error due to non-parallelism of the axis of telescope level and line of collimation
D. none of the above
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Which of the following errors can be eliminated by taking mean of bot face observations ?
A. error due to imperfect graduations
B. error due to eccentricity of verniers
C. error due to imperfect adjustment of plate levels
D. error due to line of collimation not being perpendicular to horizontal axis
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The scale of a vertical photograph of focal length ‘f’ taken from height of ‘H’ metres above M.S.L., at a point of reduced level ‘h’, is
A. H f
B. H + h f
C. H − h f
D. f H − h
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Perspective centre relates to
A. Parallel projection
B. Orthogonal projection
C. Central projection
D. None of these
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Circumpolar stars
A. Rotate round the North Pole
B. Rotate round the celestial pole
C. Remain always above the horizon
D. Are seldom seen near the pole star
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The rise and fall method of levelling provides a complete check on
A. backsight
B. intermediate sight
C. foresight
D. all of the above
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Invar tapes used for measuring base lines, is made of nickel-iron alloy containing nickel
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In direct method of contouring, the process of locating or identifying points lying on a contour is called
A. ranging
B. centring
C. horizontal control
D. vertical control
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If altitude bubble is provided both on index frame as well as on telescope of a theodolite, then the instrument is levelled with reference to i) altitude bubble on index frame ii) altitude bubble on index frame if it is to be used as a level iii) altitude bubble on telescope iv) altitude bubble on telescope if it is to be used as a level The correct answer is
A. only (i)
B. both (i) and (iv)
C. only (iii)
D. both (ii) and (iii)
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In the cross-section method of indirect contouring, the spacing of cross-sections depends upon i) contour interval ii) scale of plan iii) characteristics of ground The correct answer is
A. only (i)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (i), (ii) and (iii)
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Height of instrument method of levelling is
A. more accurate than rise and fall method
B. less accurate than rise and fall method
C. quicker and less tedious for large number of intermediate sights
D. none of the above
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The slotted template method
A. Is prepared, by graphical method
B. Is suitable for large areas with less control
C. Is rapid and accurate
D. All the above
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When a star is between the pole and the horizon, the relationship between latitude (λ), zenith distance (z) and declination δ, is
A. θ = z + δ
B. θ = δ - z
C. θ = 180° - (z + δ)
D. θ = (z + δ) - 180°
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The length of a parallel of λ latitude between two meridians is equal to difference in longitudes multiplied by
A. sin λ
B. cos λ
C. tan λ
D. cot λ
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The hour angle of the heavenly body for Greenwich meridian equals the hour angle of the body for any other meridian + longitude:
A. Mean sun
B. True sun
C. Vernal equinox
D. All the above
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Which of the following is not used in measuring perpendicular offsets ?
A. line ranger
B. steel tape
C. optical square
D. cross staff
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The nearest star is so far away from the earth that the directions to it from two diametrically opposite points on the earth differs less than
A. 0.01 second
B. 0.001 second
C. 0.0001 second
D. None of these
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Right ascension of a heavenly body is its equatorial angular distance measured
A. Westward from the first point of Libra
B. Eastward from the first point of Aeries
C. Westward from the first point of Aeries
D. Eastward from the first point of Libra
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α and β are the angles subtended by a point of elevation h at their air station with respective plumb points. Photo scale and focal length of the lens being ‘S’ and ‘f’ respectively. Parallax displacement of the point due to relief, is
A. S h tan α
B. S h tan β
C. S h ( tan α + tan β )
D. S h ( tan α − tan β )
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The method of surveying by triangulation was first introduced by the Dutchman Snell in
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