What is the numerical aperture of the fiber if the angle of acceptance is 16 degree?
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Rayleigh scattering can be reduced by operating at smallest possible wavelengths.
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Intermodal dispersion occurring in a large amount in multimode step index fiber results in . . . . . . . .
A. Propagation of the fiber
B. Propagating through the fiber
C. Pulse broadening at output
D. Attenuation of waves
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A graded-index fiber has a core with parabolic refractive index profile of diameter of 30μm, NA=0.2, λ=1μm. Estimate the normalised frequency.
A. 19.32
B. 18.84
C. 16.28
D. 17.12
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The dispersion due to material, waveguide and profile are -2.8nm-1 km-1 , 20.1nm-1 km-1 and 23.2nm-1 km-1 respectively. Find the total first order dispersion?
A. 36.2psnm-1 km-1
B. 38.12psnm-1 km-1
C. 40.5psnm-1 km-1
D. 20.9psnm-1 km-1
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When two components are equally excited at the fiber input, then for polarization maintaining fibers δΓg should be around . . . . . . . .
A. 1.5ns/km
B. 1ns/km
C. 1.2ns/km
D. 2ns/km
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3dB optical bandwidth is always . . . . . . . the 3dB electrical bandwidth.
A. Smaller than
B. Larger than
C. Negligible than
D. Equal to
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What is needed to predict the performance characteristics of single mode fibers?
A. The intermodal delay effect
B. Geometric distribution of light in a propagating mode
C. Fractional power flow in the cladding of fiber
D. Normalized frequency
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The beat length in a single mode optical fiber is 8 cm when light from a laser with a peak wavelength 0.6μm is launched into it. Estimate the modal birefringence.
A. 1 × 10-5
B. 3.5 × 10-5
C. 2 × 10-5
D. 4 × 10-5
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The difference between the modes' refractive indices is called as . . . . . . . .
A. Polarization
B. Cutoff
C. Fiber birefringence
D. Fiber splicing
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The high index contrast enables the PCF core to be reduced from around 8 μmin conventional fiber to . . . . . . . . .
A. Less than 1μm
B. More than 5μm
C. More than 3μm
D. More than 2μm
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Absorption losses due to atomic defects mainly include . . . . . . . .
A. Radiation
B. Missing molecules, oxygen defects in glass
C. Impurities in fiber material
D. Interaction with other components of core
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The modal noise occurs when uncorrected source frequency is?
A. δ f >> δ T 1
B. δ f = δ T 1
C. δ f << δ T 1
D. Negligible
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An optical fiber has a core radius 2μm and a numerical aperture of 0.1. Will this fiber operate at single mode at 600 nm?
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Skew rays follow a . . . . . . . .
A. Hyperbolic path along the axis
B. Parabolic path along the axis
C. Helical path
D. Path where rays changes angles at core-cladding interface
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What is pulse dispersion per unit length if for a graded index fiber, 0.1μs pulse broadening is seen over a distance of 13 km?
A. 6.12ns/km
B. 7.69ns/km
C. 10.29ns/km
D. 8.23ns/km
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The optical source used for detection of optical signal is . . . . . . . .
A. IR sensors
B. Photodiodes
C. Zener diodes
D. Transistors
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The optical source used in a fiber is an injection laser with a relative spectral width λ σ λ of 0.0011 at a wavelength of 0.70μm. Estimate the RMS spectral width.
A. 1.2 nm
B. 1.3 nm
C. 0.77 nm
D. 0.98 nm
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Γ g = C ∗ d k d β . What is β in the given equation?
A. Attenuation constant
B. Propagation constant
C. Boltzmann's constant
D. Free-space
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Disturbance along the fiber such as vibrations, discontinuities, connectors, splices, source/detectors coupling result in . . . . . . . .
A. Modal noise
B. Inter-symbol interference
C. Infrared interference
D. Pulse broadening
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