The beating between light at different frequencies or wavelengths in multichannel fiber transmission causes . . . . . . . .
A. Attenuation
B. Amplitude modulation of channels
C. Phase modulation of channels
D. Loss in transmission
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How many categories of nonlinear effects are seen in optical fibers?
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Chromatic dispersion is also called as intermodal dispersion.
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Conventional optical fibers has more transmission losses than photonic crystal fibers.
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The in-homogeneities in Mie scattering can be reduced by coating of a fiber.
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Meridional rays in graded index fibers follow . . . . . . . .
A. Straight path along the axis
B. Curved path along the axis
C. Path where rays changes angles at core-cladding interface
D. Helical path
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Dispersion-shifted single mode fibers are created by . . . . . . . . .
A. Increasing fiber core diameter and decreasing fractional index difference
B. Decreasing fiber core diameter and decreasing fractional index difference
C. Decreasing fiber core diameter and increasing fractional index difference
D. Increasing fiber core diameter and increasing fractional index difference
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A decibel may be defined as the ratio of input and output optical power for a particular optical wavelength.
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Stimulated Raman scattering occur in . . . . . . . .
A. Forward direction
B. Backward direction
C. Upward direction
D. Forward and backward direction
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A single mode fiber has a beat length of 4cm at 1200nm. What is birefringence?
A. 2∗ 10-5
B. 1.2∗ 10-5
C. 3∗ 10-5
D. 2
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Intermodal dispersion in multimode fibers is minimized with the use of step-index fibers.
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Losses in photonic crystal fibers are reduced to a level of . . . . . . . .
A. 0.1dB/km
B. 0.2dB/km
C. 0.3dB/km
D. 0.4dB/km
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Which is the unit of measurement of attenuation in optical fibers?
A. km
B. dB
C. dB/km
D. Coulomb's
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Dominant intrinsic loss mechanism in low absorption window between ultraviolet and infrared absorption tails is . . . . . . . .
A. Mie scattering
B. Rayleigh scattering
C. Stimulated Raman scattering
D. Stimulated Brillouin scattering
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In index-guided photonic crystal fiber structure, the dark areas are air holes. What does white areas suggests?
A. Air
B. Silica
C. Water
D. Plasma
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After Total Internal Reflection the Meridional ray . . . . . . . .
A. Makes an angle equal to acceptance angle with the axial ray
B. Makes an angle equal to critical angle with the axial ray
C. Travels parallel equal to critical angle with the axial ray
D. None of the above
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A multimode fiber has RMS pulse broadening per km of 12ns/km and 28ns/km due to material dispersion and intermodal dispersion resp. Find the total RMS pulse broadening.
A. 30.46ns/km
B. 31.23ns/km
C. 28.12ns/km
D. 26.10ns/km
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The index profile of a core of multimode graded index fiber is given by?
A. N ( r ) = n 1 [ 1 − 2Δ ( a r 2 ) 2 ] 2 1 ; r < a
B. N ( r ) = n 1 [ 3 − 2Δ ( a r 2 ) 2 ] 2 1 ; r < a
C. N ( r ) = n 1 [ 5 − 2Δ ( a r 2 ) 2 ] 2 1 ; r > a
D. None of the above
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A multimode step index fiber has a normalized frequency of 72. Estimate the number of guided modes.
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Stimulated Raman scattering may have an optical power threshold of may be three orders of magnitude . . . . . . . .
A. Lower than Brillouin threshold
B. Higher than Brillouin threshold
C. Same as Brillouin threshold
D. Higher than Rayleigh threshold
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