The purpose of injection of calcium in to liquid steel is to
A. replace Al2 O3 inclusions by CaO inclusion
B. modify Al2 O3 inclusions into calcium aluminate inclusions
C. reduce C content of steel
D. reduce nitrogen content of steel
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Permanent lining in L.D. converters is . . . . . . . . bricks
A. tar dolomite
B. Magnesite refractory
C. Fireclay
D. Silica refractory
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Identify the condition that is not beneficial for dephosphorisation of hot metal in an L-Dconverter.
A. High slag basicity
B. Low temperature
C. High silicon in hot metal
D. Highly oxidising slag
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In L-D steel making, the final slag can be best described as
A. oxidizing
B. basic
C. oxidizing and basic
D. reducing and basic
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Which type of condition is required to remove phosphorus during steel making process?
A. High (FeO) content in the slag
B. Use of relatively low temperatures
C. High slag basically
D. All of these
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Ferritic stainless steels are straight chromium steels containing . . . . . . . . percent chromium.
A. 11.5 - 18 %
B. 14 - 27 %
C. 20 - 25 %
D. 20 - 30%
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In a basic oxygen furnace, under appropriate conditions, which of the following statements is not correct?
A. Carbon can be removed in preference to P and S
B. Phosphorous can be removed in preference to C and S
C. Sulfur can be removed in preference to C and P
D. Carbon and phosphorous can be removed in preference to S
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Molten steel is kept in a ladle. Due in natural convection. mixing occurs inside the melt. A 1cm diameter sphere is held in the centre of the melt where the steel flows upward. so as to measure the force exerted by the melt on the sphere. The force. F exerted by the melt on the sphere is given by F = f ( 8 π ) . ( 8 μ 2 ) ( Re ) 2 .
Data: Density of liquid steels
= 7100 kg. m-3
Viscosity of liquid steel
= 6.5 × 10-3 kg. m-1 . s-1
Reynolds number (Re) of the melt
= 5 × 103
Friction factor (f) = 0.3
The velocity of melt (m.s-1 ) in the central portion of the ladle would be
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Pick out correct statement/statements
A. 0.005% C steel is used for making drilling items
B. 0.08% C steel is used for making Cans
C. 0.8% C steel is used for making Rail track
D. None of these
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High quality springs are made from . . . . . . . .
A. Chromium-vanadium steels
B. Chromium-silicon steels
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
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What are the applications of 436L ferritic stainless steel?
A. Visible parts of exhaust systems
B. Automotive trim and outdoor panels
C. Communication-system shelter
D. All are correct
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In a steel pouring ladle, the distance between the top of the ladle and the surface of the contents of the ladle is called
A. free board
B. Jet force number
C. Tapping
D. None of these
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The purpose of injection of calcium into liquid steel is to
P. replace Al2 O3 inclusions by CaO inclusions
Q. modify Al2 O3 inclusions into calcium aluminate inclusions
R. reduce sulfur content of steel
S. reduce nitrogen content of steel
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What are the casting defects?
A. Ingotism
B. Piping
C. Segregation
D. all of these
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How much time is required for refining steel in acid Bessemer process?
A. 30 minutes
B. 40 minutes
C. 20 minutes
D. 60 minutes
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In continuous casting of steel, the mould is subjected to vertical oscillations in order to
A. alloy easy flotation of inclusion
B. ensure good casting homogeneity
C. increase the heat transfer rate from the steel to the mould
D. prevent the skin sticking to the mould
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Reducing condition is carried out in electric arc furnace, with slag
A. free from P2 O5
B. free from P1 O7
C. free from FeO
D. None of these
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Identify the correct statement about man-ganese in steels from the following:
A. Itdecreases hardenability
B. It makes the steel succeptible to hot-shortness
C. It is a strong austenite stabiliser
D. It decreases hardness of martensite
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Purpose of alloying of steels are
A. Increase hardenability
B. Improve corrosion resistance
C. Both A and B correct
D. None of the above
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VOD process is preferred over AOD process for making extra low carbon stainless steel, because
A. pco can be lowered to a much lower level in the VOD than in the AOD
B. AOD does not have adequate stirring
C. free board needed for such operation is not available in the AOD
D. AOD refractory is not stable in contact with extra low carbon steel
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