Standard costing refers to
A. a repetitive series of standardised operations are carried out
B. goodsare supplied in standard sizes only
C. there are likely to be large fluctuations in costs
D. each product is customised to purchaser requirements
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The accountant's concept of marginal cost differs from the Economist's concept of marginal cost in the matter of exclusion of
A. variable cost
B. semi-variable cost
C. fixed cost
D. none of these
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The standard cost of a product is
A. the average unit cost of products produced in the previous period
B. the average unit cost of products produced during a particular period
C. the planned unit cost of products produced during a particular period
D. the unit cost of products incurred at the start of a particular period
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Match the following.
List-I
List-II
a. Performance budgeting
1. Fixed budget
b. Zero base budgeting
2. Production oriented
c. Summary of all functional budgets
3. Jimmy Carter
d. Remain unchanged irrespective of level of activity actually attained
4. Master budget
A. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
B. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
C. a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3
D. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
What is the effect of increase in fixed cost?
A. Reduces profit volume ratio
B. Raises break-even point
C. Increases margin of safety
D. Reduces contribution
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Which budget is prepared first of all?
A. Cash budget
B. Master budget
C. Budget for the key factor
D. Flexible budget
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Which of the following statements are true?
1. Marginal costing is not an independent system of costing.
2. In marginal costing, all fundamentals of cost are divided into fixed and variable components.
3. In marginal costing, fixed costs are treated as product cost.
4. Marginal costing is not a technique of cost analysis.
A. Both 4 and 1
B. Both 2 and 3
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Both 2 and 4
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Marginal costing may be preferred to absorption costing because it
A. ensures the recovery of total costs in sales pricing
B. complies with Accounting Standards
C. complies with the accruals or matching concept
D. enables use of the opportunity cost approach
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Break-even point is
A. where total revenue equals total costs
B. where total contribution equals variable costs
C. where total revenue equals fixed costs
D. all of the above
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Cash budget is based on
A. past performance
B. future estimates
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
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Match the following.
List-I
List-II
a. Cost control purposes
1. . . . . . is a predetermined cost
b. Standard cost
2. Responsibility accounting fixes responsibility for . . . . .
c. Integrates
3. Cost accounting guides future . . . . .
d. Production policies
4. Budgeting system . . . . . key managerial
functions.
A. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
B. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
C. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
D. a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The difference between fixed and variable cost has a special significance in the preparation of
A. flexible budget
B. master budget
C. cash budget
D. all of these
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Which of the following are direct expenses?
A. Carriage outwards
B. Carriage inward
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
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Cost of production report is
A. production process report
B. order sheet
C. financial statement
D. none of these
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Sales budget is
A. expenditure budget
B. master budget
C. functional budget
D. cash budget
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Match the following.
List-I (Variances)
List-II (Causes)
a. Overhead efficiency variance
1. Power failure
b. Overhead volume variance
2. Appointing low grade employees
c. Labour idle time variance
3. Poor working condition
d. Labour efficiency variance
4. Working days being more or less than budgeted
A. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
B. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
C. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
D. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
An adverse labour efficiency variance together with a favourable labour rate variance may mean that
A. less labour hours are needed to make the same amount of output
B. the business is paying a higher hourly rate than the standard
C. more products are being made per hour
D. less skilled staff are being used in production
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Which of the following does not comprise of (Cost of Good Sold) COGS?
A. Factory electricity expense
B. Transportation for purchasing the raw material
C. Electricity
D. Sales, managers commission
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Which of the following is not a valid possible cause of direct materials quantity variances?
A. Obtaining quantity discounts for large orders of materials
B. Poor functioning of machinery giving rise to excessive wastage
C. Better or worse quality of materials purchased
D. Increased/decreased level of quality checks on the production process
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The margin of safety may be defined as
A. the point at which break-even point sales are achieved
B. the excess of planned sales over the current actual sales
C. the extent to which sales revenue exceeds fixed costs
D. the difference between planned sales and break-even point sales
Select an option to see the answer and solution.