For the success of the penetration price policy, which one of the following is not desirable?
A. Short-run demand for the product to have elasticity greater than unity
B. Availability of economies of large scale production
C. Easy acceptance and adoption of the product by the consumers
D. Product to have very low cross-elasticity of demand
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Which of the following is called Gossen's first law?
A. Law of substitution
B. Law of equimarginal utility
C. Law of diminishing Marginal utility
D. None of the above
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When the economist speaks of an increase in demand, he is usually referring to a
A. shift in demand curve to right
B. movement along demand curve downwards right
C. shift in demand curve to left
D. movement along demand curve upwards
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A perfectly competitive firm cannot earn super normal profit or incur losses in the long run due to which of the following reasons?
A. Freedom of entry and exit of firms
B. Perfect knowledge
C. Perfect mobility of factors
D. All of the above
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For most consumers apples and oranges are substitute goods. Therefore, we would expect a rise in the price of apples to lead to
A. a right ward shift in the demand curve of oranges
B. a left ward shift in the supply curve of apples
C. a downward change in the demand curve of oranges
D. a fall in the price of oranges
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There is no exceptions to the law of demand in the case of
A. Giffen goods
B. Normal goods
C. Articles of conspicuous consumption
D. Ignorance of the buyer
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The law of diminishing returns depend on the assumption that
A. The total output is constant
B. The stage of technical knowledge is unchanged
C. Land is the constant factor
D. The average output declines faster than marginal output
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Entrepreneurship in relation to Indian industries is
A. necessary
B. unnecessary
C. weight
D. waste of time and money
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For substitutes, cross-elasticity of demand is
A. positive
B. negative
C. zero
D. infinite
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The 'Principle of Equal pay for Equal work' is contained in which Article of the Indian Constitution?
A. Article 7
B. Article 36
C. Article 39
D. None of these
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Which is the most commonly accepted principle of business cycle?
A. Hatrey's business trade cycle theory
B. Hick's business trade cycle theory
C. Hayek's business cycle theory
D. Keynes's business cycle theory
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Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Malthus's population theory does not directly depend on the law of generation
B. Malthus population theory compared population with the total output of a country
C. According to Malthus there is a direct relationship between standard of living and population
D. In the theory of optimum population, the population is compared from the food grains of the country
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Which of the following are features of utility?
1. Subjective in nature
2. Based on urgency of wants
3. Same as usefullness
4. Qualitative
Select the correct answer
A. 1, 2 and 4
B. 2, 3 and 4
C. 1, 3 and 4
D. All of the above
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Which one of the following best describes best opportunity cost to society of building a new school?
A. The increased taxation to pay for the school
B. The money that was spent on building the school
C. The other goods that could have been produced with the resources used to build the school
D. The running cost of the school when it is opened
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Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) . Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
Assertion (A) There exists excess capacity of the production for the firms if these incur losses.
Reason (R) Their production level has to remain below their economic capacity level.
A. (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect
B. (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct
C. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the right explanation of (A)
D. Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the right explanation of (A)
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The cardinal utility made by Marshall-
A. measures the utilities in precise manner though they are immeasurable
B. is relative to the level of utilities only
C. is the basis of the 'Revealed Preference Curve'
D. is the basis of indifference curve analysis
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In the longer period permitting adjustment, demand is likely to be
A. inelastic
B. elastic
C. unit elastic
D. cannot be known
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In case of two goods, following utility approach, a consumer is in equilibrium when
A. P x M U x = P y M U y
B. P x M U x < P y M U y
C. P x M U x > P y M U y
D. Both B and C
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Demand for furniture is a
A. Consumer's demand
B. Durable demand
C. Producer's demand
D. Both A and B
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The author of 'Economic Theory and Operations Analysis' is
A. Robbins
B. Keynes
C. Bamol
D. Marshall
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