For perfect competition, indicate the correct answer for essential conditions from the following.
1. Large number of buyers and sellers
2. Perfect knowledge of the market
3. Homogeneous product for sale
4. Absence of transportation cost
5. Freedom of entry and exit of buyers and sellers from the market
6. Rational Behaviour of buyers and sellers
A. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6
B. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
D. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Competition
A. Is discriminatory
B. Is 'Fair' if everybody has an equal chance of being selected
C. Is inevitable but has desirable forms that can be selected on an economic basis
D. Is desirable
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Which of the following methods were used by the conventional series in computing national income in India?
1. Output method
2. Expenditure method
3. Income metliod
Select the correct answer
A. Both 1 and 2
B. Both 1 and 3
C. Both 2 and 3
D. All of the above
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
When the perfectly competitive firm and industry are both in long run equilibrium
A. D = MR = SMC = LMC
B. P = MR = SAC = LAC
C. P = MR = Lowest point on the LAC curve
D. All of the above
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
One equates price and MC to maximise profit the other one equates MC and MR for the same purpose; they are
A. Monopolist and perfect competitor
B. Oligopolist and monopolist
C. Monopsonist and perfect competitor
D. Perfect competitor and duopolist
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
At the point where a straight line from the origin is tangent to the TC curve, AC
A. Equals AVC plus AFC
B. Equals MC
C. Is minimum
D. All of the above
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Price taker firms
A. Do not advertise, because most advertising is wasteful
B. Advertise to increase the demand for their product
C. Do not advertise because they can sell as much as they want at the current price
D. Who advertise will get more profits than those who do not
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Where the leading firms in an industry combine to pursue a common policy in their interest but retain their separate identities, such combination is generally known as
A. Joint-stock company
B. Cartel
C. Trust
D. Holding company
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Short-run cost curves are influenced by
A. External and internal economies and diseconomies
B. Law of variable proportions
C. Principle of returns to scale
D. None of these
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Match the following:
List-I (Economist)
List-II (Statement)
a. Robinson
1. The elasticity of demand at any price or at any output is the proportional change of amount purchased in response to a small change in price divided by the proportional change in price.
b. Boulding
2. The elasticity of demand may be defined as the percentage change in quantity demanded which would result from one percent change in price.
c. A. Cairncross
3. The elasticity of demand for a commodity is the rate at which the quantity bought changes as the price changes.
d. Marshall
4. The elasticity for demand in a market is great or small according as the amount demand increases much or little for a given fall in price, and diminishes much or little for a given rise in price.
A. a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
B. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
C. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
D. a-1, b-3, c-4, d-2
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
If a commodity sold under monopoly is got free of cost, MC curve will be
A. Identical with the X-axis
B. Identical with Y-axis
C. A horizontal straight line above X-axis
D. Identical with the MR
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The theory of 'circular causation' was developed by
A. J. R. Hicks
B. Robinson
C. Ragnar Nurkse
D. Taylor
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Which of the following best describes the financial crisis of 2008?
A. Liberal availability of mortgages
B. Poor standard of lending to buy houses
C. An increase in asymmetric information, severe adverse selection and moral hazards in financial markets
D. All of the above
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The elasticity of substitution between two inputs in CES production function
A. Decreases continuously
B. Increases continuously
C. Remains constant
D. None of these
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Who stated that "Money inflation should be compared to dacoit"?
A. Crowther
B. Keynes
C. Taylor
D. C. N. Vakil
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The goods whose demand is not tied with the demand for some other goods are said to have
A. independent demand
B. free demand
C. autonomous demand
D. individual demand
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Under the perfect competition, the transpor tation cost
A. Is considered to be negligible and thus, ignored
B. Is charged along with the price of the commodity
C. Is considered to be vital for the calculation of total cost
D. Excluded from the prime cost
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
The point which shows the maximum marginal product in the total product curve represents
A. Expansion path
B. Producer's equilibrium
C. Least cost combination
D. Point of inflexion
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
Which of the following is necessary condition for price discrimination?
A. There must be imperfect competition in the market
B. The elasticity of demand must be different in different markets
C. Different markets must be separable for a seller to be able to practice discriminatory pricing
D. All of the above
Select an option to see the answer and solution.
In case of elasticity of demand for AR is unity, MR curve will coincide with
A. X-axis
B. parallel to X-axis
C. Y-axis
D. intersect X-axis
Select an option to see the answer and solution.