The most common microorganisms in freshly drawn milk is
A. Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Escherichia coli
D. Mycobacterium bovies
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Food spoilage may be defined as
A. Any change in the appearance, smell or taste of food products that makes them unacceptable to the consumers
B. Undesirable appearance of food
C. Development of high sugar materials in food
D. A food product that cannot be consumed by a diabetic patient
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The shelf life of a perishable product is often determined by the number of microbes present
A. Initially
B. After 24 hours
C. After 48 hours
D. After one week
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Which of the following are the examples of perishable food?
A. Meats and fishes
B. Eggs and milk
C. Most of the fruits
D. All the above
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The organisms responsible for yoghurt formation is
A. Streptococcus salivarius
B. Streptococcus salivarius sp. Thermophilus
C. Lactobacillus thermophilus
D. Streptococcus bulgaricus
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Bacteria cannot survive in a highly salted pickles because
A. Salt inhibits reproduction
B. Bacteria do not get enough sunlight for photosynthesis
C. Pickle does not contain nutrients for bacteria to grow
D. Bacteria become plasmolysed and are consequently killed
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Which fermented food is produced from milk?
A. Cheese
B. Yoghurt
C. Keffir
D. All the above
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Sodium or calcium propionate is used extensively in the prevention of
A. Viruses
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Molds
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Who is known as the father of canning?
A. Robert Koch
B. Alfred Viven
C. Nicholas Apert
D. John Tyndall
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Fungi associated with blue cheese are
A. Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus
B. Penicillium notatum and Penicillium chrysogenum
C. Penicillium chrysogenum and Fusarium
D. Penicillium expansum and Cladosporium
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Meat is regarded as good culture medium for microbes due to
A. High moisture content
B. Favourable pH
C. Plentiful nutrients
D. All the above
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What is true about canning?
A. It is a process in which food is sealed in a container such as can or glass jars and then heated
B. This process was discovered by Nicholas Appert
C. The container is evacuated before sealing
D. All the above
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Which mushrooms can be grown on straw?
A. Coprinus sp.
B. Pleurotus ostreatus
C. Volvariella volvacea
D. All the above
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Paralytic shellfish poisoning is a food-borne illness that typically develops after consumption of shellfish contaminated chiefly with the heat stable and acid soluble toxin
A. Okadaic acid
B. Mitotoxin
C. Saxitoxin
D. Aflatoxin
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Which of the following microbes compete well for free water under conditions of low aw and often w grow well in high sugar foods such as syrup
A. Pseudomonas
B. Clostridium
C. Molds
D. Yeasts
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Which organism has been used for commercial production of SCP from starch hydrolysates?
A. Candida utilis
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. Fusarium gaminearum
D. Kluyveromyes fragilis
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The microbial inhibitors in raw milk include
A. Lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase system
B. Lysozymes
C. Vitamin B12 binding system
D. All the above
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For temporary preservation, fruits and vegetables must be stored at
A. 10 - 20°C
B. 15 - 20°C
C. 30 - 35°C
D. 39 - 45°C
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Which one of the following species is used in the preparation of Soy sauce?
A. A. niger
B. A. flavus
C. A. fumigates
D. A. oryzae
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Which of the following source contributes to microflora of raw milk?
A. Udder
B. Teat
C. Milking
D. All the above
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